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1996-02-27
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Document 0503
DOCN M9630503
TI Species dependent esterase activities for hydrolysis of an anti-HIV
prodrug glycovir and bioavailability of active SC-48334.
DT 9603
AU Cook CS; Karabatsos PJ; Schoenhard GL; Karim A; Department of Clinical
Pharmacology, Searle Research and; Development, Skokie, Illinois 60077,
USA.
SO Pharm Res. 1995 Aug;12(8):1158-64. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96021491
AB PURPOSE. The in vitro fate of an ester prodrug, glycovir, was studied to
determine if the species differences in the bioavailability of
pharmacologically active SC-48334 observed after glycovir administration
and not observed after SC-48334 administration is due to species
differences in ester hydrolysis rate or species differences in
absorption of the prodrug itself, and to determine the site(s) of ester
hydrolysis which contributes most to species differences in the
bioavailability of SC-48334 if any. METHODS. Glycovir was incubated with
small intestinal mucosa, liver S9 fractions, whole blood, red blood
cells (RBC) and plasma of the rat, dog, monkey (cynomolgus and rhesus)
and man, and glycovir concentrations were determined by HPLC. RESULTS.
The relative bioavailabilities of SC-48334 after prodrug administration
to the rat, dog, monkey and man were 99, 15, 42 and 37%, respectively.
After SC-48334 administration, SC-48334 was rapidly and similarly well
absorbed in all species. The hydrolysis rate in the small intestinal
mucosa was well correlated with the relative bioavailability of SC-48334
after prodrug administration. Among different species the hydrolysis
rate of glycovir in liver S9 fractions, blood, RBC and plasma did not
parallel those in the mucosa of the small intestine. CONCLUSIONS. The
species differences in bioavailability of SC-48334 with the prodrug were
due to species differences in hydrolysis rates of the prodrug in small
intestinal mucosa. The monkey was a good animal model for prediction of
esterase activity in human small intestine and relative bioavailability
in man.
DE Adolescence Adult Animal Antiviral Agents/BLOOD/*PHARMACOKINETICS
Biological Availability Butyrates/BLOOD/*PHARMACOKINETICS Comparative
Study Dogs Esterases/*METABOLISM Female Human Hydrolysis HIV/*DRUG
EFFECTS HIV Seropositivity/METABOLISM In Vitro Intestinal Absorption
Intestinal Mucosa/METABOLISM Liver/METABOLISM Macaca fascicularis
Male Piperidines/BLOOD/*PHARMACOKINETICS Prodrugs/*PHARMACOKINETICS
Rats Species Specificity Subcellular Fractions/METABOLISM
1-Deoxynojirimycin/*ANALOGS & DERIVATIVES/BLOOD/PHARMACOKINETICS
CLINICAL TRIAL JOURNAL ARTICLE
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).